Another type of dependent transition can occur when P ‘s suffix doesn’t come to a clear end and instead evolves into a transition through the process of becoming. A dependent transition typically involves the process of becoming because it initially sounds like P is ongoing, but as it continues, its transitional function emerges without clear delineation between the two. Dependent transitions might begin like a restatement of P but veer off in another direction after getting started, and they typically build energy and feel relatively unstable. An independent transition is usually easier to locate because it sounds like something new instead of a continuation of P. The exposition’s transition between P and S takes one of two forms, depending on whether the transition’s melodic/motivic material clearly derives from P: if it does, the transition is dependent, and if it doesn’t, the transition is independent. These keys are very common in the 18 th and 19 th centuries, but other options also occur in the 19 th century. In major-key sonatas, this tends to be the dominant (V), and in minor-key sonatas, this is usually the mediant (III) or the minor dominant (v). ![]() In the exposition, expect the secondary theme to start and end in a non-tonic key. P, S, and C are all typically very stable areas only TR is unstable. On the whole, the exposition is a relatively stable part of the form. Standard formal layout of a sonata exposition.
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